Understanding Bullying, Types, Causes and Consequences

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 Presented by

Dr. Emma Nweke Onyeka PhD

During Anti-Bullying Campaign Event at the LOYOLA JESUIT COLLEGE, ABUJA, PTA PHC BRANCH.



INTRODUCTION

Bullying as a person-to-person, people to people vice appears to have existed with man. There have been implicit and explicit bullyings. Bullying emanates from the actors to victims, once the former discovers imbalance of power to his or her advantage. For the purpose of this paper, bullying has been defined as unexpected aggression, routine behavior which involves perceived power imbalance which targets to hurt, make afraid, or exclude a victim. The key word around bully or bullying is the perception of imbalance of power by the bully. There are different types of bullying including:

  • Physical
  • Verbal 
  • Social
  • Cyber

• PHYSICAL bullying exists when bullies attack their victims physically. This manifests in shoving (to push someone), hitting, slaps with the intention of weakening, intimidating the

victim. Any kind of physical touch that a person does not approve of or consent to can be called bully. Bullies may use their hands or even objects to attack their victims. Physical bullying may occur in single or more. 


  • Verbal Bullying

Verbal bullying occurs with the use of words to


degrade, intimidate another in order to gain advantage, over power, or gain control.

Verbal bully occurs in shouts, threats, teasing, taunting (to intentionally get someone angry)




  • Social Bullying

Social bullying involves damaging someone’s public image. It targets hurting someone’s reputation or relationships. It involves Leaving someone out on purpose, avoiding someone’s without explanation. Telling other children or students not to be friends with someone. Spreading rumors about someone. 

  • Cyber Bullying

Cyber bullying takes place when digital devices are used to intimidate, threaten, using social media platforms. It comes in forms of messages, sharing embarrassing personal information, insults, spreading lies and targeted at weakening the reputation or character of the victim. The victim could be reached through web cam, camera or direct messaging.

Why Students Bully Others

There are so many reasons why students bully one another. Such points may include:

1. Thought to control others

2. Having low self-esteem and wanting to feel better about themselves.

3. Having a lack of guilt and awareness 4. failing to see their behaviour as a problem.

5. Parental congenial influence as result of helicopter parenting (absent mom and dad), permissive upbringing, violent mom or dad Other reasons may include:

• Power/Dominance. Teenagers who have high control needs or feel powerless in other areas of their lives are prone to bullying. ...

• Bias/Prejudice. More often than not, bullies will bully others because they are different. .

• Popularity/Social Status/Fitting in.

Long Term Effects of Bullying on Victims and

Bullies

VICTIMS

So many world bullies have emerged unchecked. The effects of bullying could be horrible, including:

1. Child self image

2. Health issues, such as depression

3. Anxiety, substance abuse

4. Suicidal thoughts or attempt

BULLIES

Children who bully others have a long road to walk. They become: 

1. Violent adults

2. Risky behaviours, such as armed attacks, robbery

3. Dropping out of school

4. Sexual misconduct

5. Grow into dangerous political leaders

6. Lacks humanity or empathy

WAYS OUT

Victims

1. Knowing that bullying derives from perception of imbalance of power, do not allow yourself to be perceived as weak.

2. Tell a trusted adult

3. Ignore the bully and walk away. ...

4. Walk tall and hold your head high. ...

5. Don't get physical. ...

6. Try to talk to the bully. ...

7. Practice confidence. ...

8. Talk about it. ...

9. Find your (true) friends.

BULLIES

1. Ask yourself if you would like to be treated the way you treat others.

2. If others give you pain, report to the next authority or hierarchy

3. Treat others how you would want to be treated

4. Ask yourself how the victims of bullying feel when you're bullying them

5. Parental attention

6. Meet a Psychiatrist

7. Pray to God


THANK YOU


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